Atributo id de HTML
El atributo id se usa para definir un identificador único para un elemento HTML. Se utiliza comúnmente para apuntar a un estilo en una hoja de estilos, así como para enlaces ancla y destinos para scripts. El valor de id distingue entre mayúsculas y minúsculas y debe ser único dentro del documento HTML.
Este atributo puede ser usado por CSS y JavaScript (a través del DOM HTML) para realizar tareas específicas para el elemento con el id especificado.
En CSS, debes escribir un carácter de almohadilla ( # ) seguido del id del elemento para seleccionar el elemento con un id específico. Debe tener al menos un carácter y no debe contener espacios en blanco (tabulaciones, espacios, etc.).
En HTML5, el atributo id puede usarse con cualquier elemento HTML.
En HTML 4.01, el atributo id no puede usarse con los siguientes elementos: <head>, <html>, <base>, <param>, <style>, <script> y <title>.
Sintaxis
Sintaxis del atributo id de HTML
html
<tag id="id"></tag>Ejemplo del atributo id de HTML:
Ejemplo del atributo id de HTML:
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title of the document</title>
<style>
#grey {
color: grey;
}
#purple {
color: purple;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Example of the HTML id attribute</h1>
<p id="grey">
It is a grey paragraph.
</p>
<p>This is some text.</p>
<p id="purple">
It is a purple paragraph.
</p>
</body>
</html>Un elemento HTML puede tener solo un id único perteneciente a ese único elemento, a diferencia del atributo class, donde un nombre de clase puede ser usado por varios elementos.
Ejemplo de los atributos id y class de HTML:
Ejemplo de los atributos "id" y "class" de HTML:
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title of the document</title>
<style>
#green-bg {
background-color: green;
color: white;
padding: 20px;
text-align: center;
}
.text-grey {
color: grey;
padding: 5px 15px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Example of the HTML "id" and "class" attributes:</h1>
<p>
Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book.
</p>
<h2 id="green-bg">HTML ID attribute</h2>
<p class="text-grey">
Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs.
</p>
<p class="text-grey">
Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book
</p>
<p class="text-grey">
The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book.
</p>
</body>
</html>Marcadores
Puedes usar marcadores HTML para permitir que los lectores salten a otras partes de una página web cuando esta es demasiado larga.
Para añadir un marcador, primero crea el marcador y luego añade un enlace a él. Cuando hagas clic en el enlace, la página se desplazará hasta la parte con el marcador.
Ejemplo de añadir un marcador:
Ejemplo de añadir un marcador:
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title of the document</title>
<style>
p {
line-height: 1.5;
color: #777777;
}
a {
color: #20c7c1;
display: inline-block;
padding: 5px 15px;
}
strong {
display: block;
color: #1129dc;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Example of the HTML "id" and "class" attributes:</h1>
<p>Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book.</p>
<a href="#text2">Jump to the text-2</a>
<a href="#text3">Jump to the text-3</a>
<p id="text-1">
<strong>Text number 1</strong> Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs.
</p>
<p id="text2">
<strong>Text number 2</strong> Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book. Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book
</p>
<p id="text3">
<strong>Text number 3</strong> Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book.
</p>
<p>
<strong>Text number 4</strong> Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book.
</p>
<p>
<strong>Text number 5</strong> Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book.
</p>
</body>
</html>Práctica
What are the characteristics and uses of the HTML 'id' attribute?