ISO-8859-1
ISO-8859-1 (llamado así por la Organización Internacional de Normalización) es una codificación de caracteres heredada. UTF-8 es el conjunto de caracteres predeterminado en la mayoría de los navegadores.
Usa `<meta charset="UTF-8">` para declarar la codificación de caracteres de tu documento HTML. Colócalo dentro de la sección <head> de tu archivo HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Your content here -->
</body>
</html>Caracteres reservados en HTML
Algunos caracteres están reservados en HTML porque se usan para formar el lenguaje HTML. Por ejemplo, no puedes usar los signos mayor que o menor que en tu texto, ya que el navegador intentará interpretarlos como HTML. Usa el nombre de entidad o el número de entidad cuando quieras mostrar cualquiera de los caracteres reservados.
Consulta la lista de caracteres reservados en la tabla de abajo:
| Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| " | " | " | quotation mark |
| ' | ' | ' | apostrophe |
| & | & | & | ampersand |
| < | < | < | less-than |
| > | > | > | greater-than |
Símbolos ISO 8859-1
| Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| non-breaking space | |||
| ¡ | ¡ | ¡ | inverted exclamation mark |
| ¢ | ¢ | ¢ | cent |
| £ | £ | £ | pound |
| ¤ | ¤ | ¤ | currency |
| ¥ | ¥ | ¥ | yen |
| ¦ | ¦ | ¦ | broken vertical bar |
| § | § | § | section |
| ¨ | ¨ | ¨ | spacing diaeresis |
| © | © | © | copyright |
| ª | ª | ª | feminine ordinal indicator |
| « | « | « | angle quotation mark (left) |
| ¬ | ¬ | ¬ | negation |
| | | | soft hyphen |
| ® | ® | ® | registered trademark |
| ¯ | ¯ | ¯ | spacing macron |
| ° | ° | ° | degree |
| ± | ± | ± | plus-or-minus |
| ² | ² | ² | superscript 2 |
| ³ | ³ | ³ | superscript 3 |
| ´ | ´ | ´ | spacing acute |
| µ | µ | µ | micro |
| ¶ | ¶ | ¶ | paragraph |
| · | · | · | middle dot |
| ¸ | ¸ | ¸ | spacing cedilla |
| ¹ | ¹ | ¹ | superscript 1 |
| º | º | º | masculine ordinal indicator |
| » | » | » | angle quotation mark (right) |
| ¼ | ¼ | ¼ | fraction 1/4 |
| ½ | ½ | ½ | fraction 1/2 |
| ¾ | ¾ | ¾ | fraction 3/4 |
| ¿ | ¿ | ¿ | inverted question mark |
| × | × | × | multiplication |
| ÷ | ÷ | ÷ | division |
Caracteres ISO 8859-1
| Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| À | À | À | capital a, grave accent |
| Á | Á | Á | capital a, acute accent |
| Â | Â | Â | capital a, circumflex accent |
| Ã | Ã | Ã | capital a, tilde |
| Ä | Ä | Ä | capital a, umlaut mark |
| Å | Å | Å | capital a, ring |
| Æ | Æ | Æ | capital ae |
| Ç | Ç | Ç | capital c, cedilla |
| È | È | È | capital e, grave accent |
| É | É | É | capital e, acute accent |
| Ê | Ê | Ê | capital e, circumflex accent |
| Ë | Ë | Ë | capital e, umlaut mark |
| Ì | Ì | Ì | capital i, grave accent |
| Í | Í | Í | capital i, acute accent |
| Î | Î | Î | capital i, circumflex accent |
| Ï | Ï | Ï | capital i, umlaut mark |
| Ð | Ð | Ð | capital eth, Icelandic |
| Ñ | Ñ | Ñ | capital n, tilde |
| Ò | Ò | Ò | capital o, grave accent |
| Ó | Ó | Ó | capital o, acute accent |
| Ô | Ô | Ô | capital o, circumflex accent |
| Õ | Õ | Õ | capital o, tilde |
| Ö | Ö | Ö | capital o, umlaut mark |
| Ø | Ø | Ø | capital o, slash |
| Ù | Ù | Ù | capital u, grave accent |
| Ú | Ú | Ú | capital u, acute accent |
| Û | Û | Û | capital u, circumflex accent |
| Ü | Ü | Ü | capital u, umlaut mark |
| Ý | Ý | Ý | capital y, acute accent |
| Þ | Þ | Þ | capital THORN, Icelandic |
| ß | ß | ß | small sharp s, German |
| à | à | à | small a, grave accent |
| á | á | á | small a, acute accent |
| â | â | â | small a, circumflex accent |
| ã | ã | ã | small a, tilde |
| ä | ä | ä | small a, umlaut mark |
| å | å | å | small a, ring |
| æ | æ | æ | small ae |
| ç | ç | ç | small c, cedilla |
| è | è | è | small e, grave accent |
| é | é | é | small e, acute accent |
| ê | ê | ê | small e, circumflex accent |
| ë | ë | ë | small e, umlaut mark |
| ì | ì | ì | small i, grave accent |
| í | í | í | small i, acute accent |
| î | î | î | small i, circumflex accent |
| ï | ï | ï | small i, umlaut mark |
| ð | ð | ð | small eth, Icelandic |
| ñ | ñ | ñ | small n, tilde |
| ò | ò | ò | small o, grave accent |
| ó | ó | ó | small o, acute accent |
| ô | ô | ô | small o, circumflex accent |
| õ | õ | õ | small o, tilde |
| ö | ö | ö | small o, umlaut mark |
| ø | ø | ø | small o, slash |
| ù | ù | ù | small u, grave accent |
| ú | ú | ú | small u, acute accent |
| û | û | û | small u, circumflex accent |
| ü | ü | ü | small u, umlaut mark |
| ý | ý | ý | small y, acute accent |
| þ | þ | þ | small thorn, Icelandic |
| ÿ | ÿ | ÿ | small y, umlaut mark |
Variantes de ISO-8859-1
| Character set | Description | Covers |
|---|---|---|
| ISO-8859-1 | Latin 1 | North America, Western Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean, Canada, Africa. |
| ISO-8859-2 | Latin 2 | Eastern Europe. |
| ISO-8859-3 | Latin 3 | SE Europe, Esperanto, miscellaneous others. |
| ISO-8859-4 | Latin 4 | Scandinavia/Baltics (and others not in ISO-8859-1). |
| ISO-8859-5 | Latin/Cyrillic | The languages that use a Cyrillic alphabet such as Bulgarian, Belarusian, Russian and Macedonian. |
| ISO-8859-6 | Latin/Arabic | The languages that use the Arabic alphabet. |
| ISO-8859-7 | Latin/Greek | The modern Greek language as well as mathematical symbols derived from the Greek. |
| ISO-8859-8 | Latin/Hebrew | The languages that use the Hebrew alphabet. |
| ISO-8859-9 | Latin/Turkish | The Turkish language. Same as ISO-8859-1 except Turkish characters replace Icelandic ones. |
| ISO-8859-10 | Latin/Nordic | The Nordic languages. |
| ISO-8859-15 | Latin 9 (Latin 0) | Similar to ISO-8859-1 but replaces some less common symbols with the euro sign and some other missing characters. |
Los navegadores modernos detectan automáticamente o recurren a UTF-8 cuando no se especifica ninguna codificación. Las codificaciones heredadas como ISO-8859-1 se admiten principalmente por compatibilidad con páginas web antiguas. Para proyectos nuevos, usa siempre UTF-8 para garantizar compatibilidad total con Unicode y coherencia entre plataformas.
Consulta también HTML ASCII y HTML Entities.
Practice
¿Qué representa la codificación ISO-8859-1 en HTML?